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14 papers, 6 disciplines — indexed for readers, search engines, and AI answer engines alike.

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Economics of Onion Production in Jaipur District of Rajasthan

A cost-of-cultivation survey of 75 onion growers in Jaipur found the pattern running the wrong way for smallholders: the smallest farms spent the most per hectare (Rs 57,437 against Rs 50,466 on large farms), harvested the least, and produced a quintal of onion for Rs 187.5 where large farms managed Rs 142.1.

  • Total cost of cultivation (cost C2) ran inversely to farm size: Rs 57,437.3/ha on small farms, Rs 52,809.0 on semi-medium, Rs 50,466.4 on large and least of all Rs 49,223.1 on medium farms, against an overall average of Rs 52,513.1/ha across the 75 sampled growers.
  • Because small farms also recorded the lowest bulb yield (306.4 q/ha against 355.2 q/ha on large farms), the cost of producing one quintal of onion was Rs 187.5 on small farms and only Rs 142.1 on large — a 32 per cent penalty — and the return per rupee of expenditure rose monotonically with size: 2.37, 2.63, 2.98 and 3.13.
  • Operational cost accounted for 74.3 per cent of total cost overall, and human labour alone for 36.0 per cent (Rs 18,922.7/ha) — the single largest item in onion cultivation. Small farms spent Rs 21,270.4/ha on human labour and Rs 8,097.7/ha on seed and nursery raising, against Rs 17,427.6 and Rs 5,537.3 respectively on large farms. Rental value of owned land was the dominant overhead item at 23.8 per cent of total cost.
  • Over the full 1981-2010 series, area, production and productivity of onion in Jaipur grew at 2.99, 4.14 and 1.11 per cent per annum, with area contributing more than productivity. That growth was not continuous: the final decade (2000-01 to 2009-10) recorded negative compound growth on all three counts (-7.94, -12.43 and -4.88 per cent per annum), which the author attributes to acute groundwater shortage for irrigation under erratic rainfall.
Vikash Sharma, Yogendra Singh, S. K. Singh, Stuti Sharma, Kanchan Bhan, and Chandrabhan Ahirwar· Researcher, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding · College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh

Qualitative Morphological Characterisation and Assessment of Genetic Diversity among Indigenous Landraces of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Surveying 254 rice accessions from Madhya Pradesh against 30 standardised DUS descriptors, researchers found near-total uniformity in basic leaf traits but the widest variation of the whole study in awn length — a practical shortlist of traits for telling indigenous landraces apart.

Genetics and Plant BreedingIndiaRiceGermplasm Conservation
Arvind M, Thippesha B S, Prashanthi S K, Raghunandana A, Hiremath SV, and Jones P Nirmalnath· Researcher, Department of Plant Pathology · University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka

Molecular Characterization and Biocontrol Potential of Native Rhizobacteria Against Rhizoctonia solani in Rice

Screening 32 native soil bacteria from Karnataka rice fields, researchers found two Streptomyces strains that cut sheath blight severity as effectively as a chemical fungicide — with hydrogen cyanide and iron-starving siderophores identified as their weapons against the fungus.

Plant PathologyBiocontrolIndiaRiceSustainable Agriculture
Muhammad Waqar, Mariyam Shahid, Manat Chaijan, Worawan Panpipat, Djilali Benabdelmoumene, Ahmed Mediani, Abdifetah Ibrahim Omar, Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim, Qudrat Ullah, and Temesgen Anjulo Ageru· Researcher, Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence · School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Tha Sala

Artificial Intelligence in the Food Industry: Transforming Safety, Efficiency, and Sustainability From Farm to Fork

A sweeping review of AI in food production finds hyperspectral-imaging quality checks hitting up to 100% accuracy and predictive maintenance cutting downtime 30% — yet food remains the least robotic-adopting industrial sector of all, at just 5% penetration.

Food ScienceAgri Data ScienceArtificial IntelligenceFood Safety
Aruna Balla, Suresh Mudragiri, Mallikarjun Kukunuri, and Prashant Bagade· Researcher · Niruthi Climate & Ecosystem Private Limited, Hyderabad, Telangana

Impact of West-Asia War on Indian Agriculture

India's fertiliser sector runs on Gulf-region gas and imported potash and phosphate — so when the 2026 West-Asia conflict shut down Strait of Hormuz shipping, urea prices jumped over 75% in a year, even as India entered the season with unusually large stockpiles cushioning the immediate blow.

Farm EconomicsFertiliser MarketsIndiaFood SecuritySupply Chains
Anita Patra, G. Rakesh, and Nihar Ranjan Bhuyan· Professor, School of Management · Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha

Direct Farmer to Consumer Marketing Opportunities and Barriers

A survey of 40 farmers in Odisha's hilly Gajapati district finds every single one sells exclusively via informal roadside stalls, with poor transport as the dominant barrier — and not one has ever received government or institutional marketing support.

Farm EconomicsAgricultural MarketingIndiaSmallholder Livelihoods
T. Mary Little Flower, S. Christopher Ezhil Singh, Rinu Benny, G. Glan Devadhas, R. Malkiya Rasalin Prince, S. Jerril Gilda, P. Sridharan, K. G. Jaya Christiyan, and K. Jessy· Researcher, Department of ECE · St. Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu

AI-Driven Robotics in Agriculture: A Review

A PRISMA-guided review of 35 studies traces how vision-based navigation, bio-inspired swarm robotics, and hyperspectral sensing are converging on autonomous farm machines — and catalogs the cost, adaptability, and policy gaps still standing between the technology and small farms.

Agri-EngineeringRoboticsArtificial IntelligenceIndia
Suresh Gawande, Anusha Raj, Mukund Dawale, Sagar Wayal, Kiran Khandagale, Indira Bhangare, Susmita Banerjee, Ashwini Gajarushi, Rajbabu Velmurugan, and Maryam Shojaei Baghini· Researcher · ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research (DOGR), Pune, Maharashtra

YOLO-ODD: An Improved YOLOv8s Model for Onion Foliar Disease Detection

A field-image dataset of 1,000 onion plants trained an upgraded YOLOv8 detector that spots Anthracnose, Stemphylium blight, Purple Blotch, and Twister disease at 77.3% accuracy and 123 frames per second — fast and light enough to run inside a farmer-facing smartphone app.

Agri Data SciencePlant PathologyIndiaMachine LearningComputer Vision
Vishwa Nath, Arti Gour, Lokesh Kumar Kumawat, and Brijesh Kumar· Researcher, Department of Horticulture · RBS College, Bichpuri, Dr. BR Ambedkar University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh

Response of Mulching and GA3 on the Performance of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata)

A field trial in Agra found that combining black polythene mulch with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3) boosted cabbage head yield by roughly 30% over untreated plants, while also producing the earliest, largest, and densest heads of any treatment tested.

AgronomyHorticultureIndiaCrop Yield
Ashish Pawar, Tarun Gehlot, Manish Bamnia, Afsha Mughal, Hemlata Budania, and Radhey Shyam Yadav· Researcher, Department of Renewable Energy Engineering · College of Technology & Agricultural Engineering, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan

Design and Development of Solar Multispectral Cum Electrified Mesh Insect Trapper with IoT-Based Ultrasonic Animal Repellent System

A solar-powered device combining multi-spectral LED insect trapping with an IoT-triggered ultrasonic animal repellent cut animal intrusions by roughly 75% in a 30-day field trial at Agriculture University Jodhpur — running entirely off-grid.

Agri-EngineeringEntomologyIndiaRenewable Energy
Abhilash Singh Maurya, Bhartendu Yadav, Shubhi Patel, Roop Kumar, and Atin Kumar· Subject Matter Specialist, Agricultural Extension · Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Raebareli-II, Uttar Pradesh

Assessing the Role of Digital Platforms in Strengthening Agricultural Extension Services: Advisory to Empowerment

A survey of 400 Uttar Pradesh farmer households finds that regular users of digital advisory platforms — WhatsApp groups, YouTube, apps — score significantly higher on knowledge, empowerment, and yield than non-users, even after controlling for income and education.

Agri Data ScienceAgricultural ExtensionIndiaFarmer Empowerment
Victoria C. F. Westbrooke, A. Blake, A. Renwick, and S. M. Thomas· Researcher, Department of Land Management and Systems · Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand

Bridging Gaps: A Study of Trust and Information Flow in New Zealand Agriculture

A qualitative study of 37 New Zealand dairy and sheep/beef farmers finds they increasingly trust informal, digital, and peer-driven information — including AI — over formal institutions, and are struggling with real information overload as a result.

Agri Data ScienceAgricultural ExtensionNew ZealandFarmer Decision-Making
Pawan Kumar Sharma, Anuj Baliyan, Hitesh Kumar, and Naresh Pant· Researcher, Department of Mathematics · Bareilly College, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

Economic Analysis of Agricultural Production and Inflation in India

Using two decades of Indian inflation data, this study finds a durable long-run link between agricultural production and both consumer and wholesale price inflation — spiking sharply during the 2008 financial crisis and again in 2021, before both measures corrected by 2023.

Farm EconomicsInflationIndiaEconometrics
Vedant Balasubramaniam, Geetha Charan, Manojkumar Patil, Rohit P Suresh, V Priyanka, Kodur Sai Vinay Sathvik, and Y. Narahari· Researcher · Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru

Agri-SAGE: Simulation-Grounded Multi-Agent LLM for Context-Aware Agricultural Advisory Generation

A multi-agent AI system that generates season-long farming advice and checks it against a crop growth simulator before recommending it — in a decade-long test on maize in Karnataka, all three reasoning strategies beat static advisory guidelines, with the best approach lifting yields by over 1,150 kg/ha.

Agri Data ScienceMachine LearningAgronomyIndiaCrop Simulation